Optimal control of water pollutant transmission by utilizing a combined Jacobi collocation method and mountain Gazelle algorithm

چکیده مقاله

Water pollution can have many adverse effects on the environment and human health. The study of the transmission of water pollutants over a finite lifespan is carried out using an optimal control problem (OCP), with the system governed by ordinary differential equations. By utilizing the collocation approach, the OCP is transmuted to a nonlinear programming problem, and then the mountain Gazelle algorithm is applied to determine the optimal control and state solutions. A practical study demonstrates the effect of treatment on reducing water pollutants during a finite time. © 2025 Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. All rights reserved.